Cucurbita moschata

Cucurbita moschata — the species behind butternut and other musky, sweet-fleshed winter squash that store well; the most heat-tolerant of the squashes. Part of our gourds and squash range.

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Cucurbita moschata — butternut and musky squash

Cucurbita moschata is the squash species best known for the butternut, along with other smooth-fleshed, well-keeping winter squash. It forms part of the storing side of our gourds and squash range and our winter squash.

History & origin

Like its relatives, Cucurbita moschata was domesticated in the Americas thousands of years ago, with its origins in the warmer, more tropical lowlands of Central and northern South America. That heritage shows in the field: of the main squash species it is the most tolerant of heat and humidity, which has made it a favourite in warmer parts of the world. Its species name, moschata, means “musky,” after the scent of the ripe flesh.

Botanical characteristics

These trailing vines bear tan or buff-skinned fruit with dense, sweet, deep-orange flesh and a small seed cavity — the classic butternut shape is the best-known example. The fruit stores exceptionally well and shrugs off some pests and diseases better than other squash. It sits alongside the related Cucurbita pepo and Cucurbita maxima in the squash family.

Growing Cucurbita moschata from seed

Moschata squash want the longest, warmest season you can give them, so start them indoors in pots and plant out after all danger of frost into rich, well-fed soil. Water deeply at the roots and let the fruit ripen fully before the first frosts; cured well, butternuts keep for months. Our vegetable sowing calendar and harvesting guide help with timing and storage.

Ready to grow butternut squash? Browse the varieties or learn the basics first.

Related categories: Winter Squash · Pumpkin · Gourds & Squash · Cucurbita pepo · Cucurbita maxima

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Cucurbita moschata?
The squash species best known for butternut and other smooth, well-keeping winter squash.

Where does it originate?
From the warmer lowlands of Central and northern South America.

What does the name mean?
Moschata means “musky,” after the scent of the ripe flesh.

Why grow moschata squash?
For their sweet, dense flesh, excellent storage and good tolerance of heat and pests.

How do I grow it?
Give it a long, warm season in rich soil, ripen the fruit fully, and cure it for storage.